Resilience of Sudan’s health system lies in nationally led responses amid conflict

Sudan’s health system has been devastated by ongoing conflict,1 yet its nationally led responses to emerging diseases and health service disruptions provide critical lessons for global humanitarian actors. Since April 2023, millions of people have been displaced, and health services have been severely compromised. Nevertheless, the Federal Ministry of Health of Sudan has continued to coordinate disease control efforts and sustain access to care for its citizens.23Rapid expansion of the World Health Organization’s early warning, alert, and response system enabled real time surveillance in both central and remote regions.2 Oral cholera vaccination campaigns—organised nationally and delivered with WHO, Unicef, and community organisations—have expanded coverage.4 Mobile health clinics extended maternal and child services, nutrition programmes, and immunisations to communities in conflict affected and rural areas.5 Rehabilitation of hospitals and community run outposts further shows local adaptation, even as much of the country remains in crisis.6These efforts reveal two lessons. First, humanitarian…